BEIJING (May 3, 2012) — United States Ambassador to China Gary Locke spoke with media Thursday regarding the dissident Chen Guangcheng, who escaped custody to the U.S. Embassy and brokered a deal with the Chinese government to let he and his family apply for student status in New York where he would heal from torture but not make the United States home and never asked for asylum at the Embassy.

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WASHINGTON (April 30, 2012) — The White House Office of the Press Secretary reported that President Barack Obama welcomed Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda of Japan on Monday to discuss United States-Japan Cooperative Initiatives.

It is the first visit to the United States by a Japanese Prime Minister in the bilateral context since the change of government took place in Japan.

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AAP staff report

WASHINGTON (April 30, 2012) — The U.S. Department of State hosted a historic gathering to celebrate “Deepening the Security and Strategic Partnership”, and event to reflect the deep-rooted and multifaceted relationship between the United States and The Philippines.

The event followed meetings between U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton and Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta, who met with their Philippine counterparts, Secretary of Foreign Affairs Albert del Rosario and Secretary of Defense Voltaire Gazmin on Monday in Washington, D.C.

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President Obama’s nominee to the World Bank presidency, Dr. Jim Yong Kim, met with Rwandan President Paul Kagame Tuesday evening in Washington to discuss the importance of the World Bank’s role in reducing poverty and supporting development for global economic growth. (U.S. Treasury photo)

By Dr. Jim Yong Kim

WASHINGTON (March 28, 2012) — President Barack Obama’s nominee to the World Bank presidency, Dr. Jim Yong Kim, met with Rwandan President Paul Kagame Tuesday evening in Washington to discuss the importance of the World Bank’s role in reducing poverty and supporting development for global economic growth.

“I was delighted to learn that Jim Kim has been nominated for this post, as he is a true friend of Africa and well known for his decade of work to support us in developing an efficient health system in Rwanda,” said President Kagame on Friday, March 23.  “He’s not only a physician and a leader who knows what it takes to address poverty, but also a genuinely good person. President Obama’s nomination of Dr. Kim as President of the World Bank is a welcome one, and should resonate well with the many men and women who are working to transform lives around the world.”

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MINNEAPOLIS (March 28, 2012) — The Tibetan community of Minnesota is mourning the death of 27 year-old Jamphel Yeshi who passed away Monday in New Delhi.

The Tibetan Youth Congress announced the death of Jamphel Yeshi, 27, who set his body on fire for the cause of Tibet in New Delhi. They consider Yeshi a of martyr. He is survived by his mother and four siblings, who are all in Tibet.

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By NGUYEN NGOC BICH
NCVA

Nguyen Ngoc Bich, National Congress of Vietnamese Americans.

SPRINGFIELD, VA (March 22, 2012) — Whatever one may think about the Vietnam War, one of the virtues of American policy is that it is able to put things behind and move on.

This is a feature of the American temperament and an American divorce is always rather neat, very different from a Vietnamese situation where Nghĩa, Obligations, interferes with Love, Tình, when Love is no longer there.  It is cultural differences like these which separate a Vietnamese reading from an American reading of what has happened or is happening in Vietnam.

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 HONOLULU – Mayor Bernard Carvalho, Jr. and Kaua’i County Film Commissioner Art Umezu were among the invited guests at a memorial reception Sunday at the Japanese Cultural Center in Honolulu.

The event commemorated the one-year anniversary of the devastating earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan last March.

In his remarks, Mayor Carvalho described how he felt when he visited Iwaki City last October to attend the Rejuvenation event, and also talked about Kaua’i’s newly formed sister-city relationship with Iwaki City.

The mayor said, “I was deeply touched by your boundless energy, and resilience, despite the challenges you face, and as your sister city, we stand ready to assist you in whatever way we can.”

Umezu, whose family roots lie in Fukushima, Japan talked about the connections Kaua’i has made with Iwaki City over the last 20 years, including: the student exchange program between Kaua’i Community College and Iwaki East Japan International University; hula and cultural exchange programs; and the exchange programs between the Kaua’i Marathon and the Iwaki Sunshine Marathon.

He noted, “It was a very special day when the highly esteemed Japanese kumu hula Kaleinani Hayakawa flew to Kaua’i 12 years ago and planted a ‘hula tree’ on the grounds of the Kaua’i War Memorial Convention Hall.”

Other distinguished guests at the commemorative event included: Gov. Neil Abercrombie; former Gov. George Ariyoshi; Honolulu Mayor Peter Carlisle; and Gen. Gary North, commander of the Pacific Air Forces.

The reception concluded with a 15-minute video presentation titled “Thank you from Japan”, and a presentation by exchange students from the Sendai Ikuei Gakuen Academy, where major damage occurred following the March 11 earthquake and tsunami.

Joan Brzezinski, executive director of the University’s China Center and Confucius Institute.

Joan Brzezinski has been named executive director of the University of Minnesota’s China Center and Confucius Institute.

Brzezinski has been the interim director of the China Center while serving in her permanent position as director of the Confucius Institute. In this new position, she will oversee all projects and programming within both units, including fundraising for China initiatives and identifying opportunities to expand the University system’s relationships in China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.

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SAN FRANCISCO (March 19, 2012)  — Three Minnesota youth leaders are implementing social action projects designed to help their community in particular and the planet in general.

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A Book Review of Katherine Boo’s “Behind the Beautiful Forevers”

By RACHEL PAULOSE
AAP Guest Columnist

Rachel Paulose

Pulitzer Prize winning journalist Katherine Boo’s first book, Behind the Beautiful Forevers, a nonfictional depiction of slum dwellers in Bombay (the city now known as Mumbai), captures the stories of the working poor struggling to create order in a world rushing headlong towards entropy.

A captivating documentary dancing to the melody of a novel, Behind the Beautiful Forevers is the culmination of Boo’s three-year research project in Annawadi. She interviewed and filmed the lives of several dozen of the 3,000 people squatting illegally on the land of the Airports Authority of India, which sits in the shadow of India’s most populous city.

We meet Abdul, the eldest and responsible son in one of Annawadi’s minority Muslim families. He has lifted his family above subsistence through his skill at culling recyclables from the trash that wealthier Indians discard.

Abdul has moved up the trash collecting chain by acquiring a rusty weighing scale and “a lime green, three-wheeled jalopy.” Consequently, Abdul collects but also buys trash as an intermediary between other collectors and recyclers who pay for what can be salvaged and reused.

Abdul’s world is upended when his family is falsely accused of viciously attacking a jealous, disabled neighbor known as “One Leg.” The family struggles for justice in India’s notoriously Kafkaesque legal system. Along the way, they face down abusive police who attempt to coerce false confessions through torture; government officials who demand bribes to make concocted charges disappear; and diffident judges, more overworked than malicious.

Sunil also collects trash. A good day brings him a bag of empty Coke cans, flip flops, and plastic bottles, all of which have high recyclable value.

The work of sorting through trash presents hazards from which the reader is not spared harsh details. Jaundice and tuberculosis are among the more benign afflictions a trash picker could develop. More violent dangers also threaten Sunil’s daily existence.

Occasionally, Sunil uncovers surprising delights during his trash picking, such as the discovery of six purple lotuses growing wild amidst the trash behind the airport. Young trash pickers work all day with hopes for the “full enjoy” of one fleeting pleasure followed by another.  In Annawadi the full enjoy is a meal of chicken chili from the Chinese vendor on Airport Road; topped off with an easy high from the Eraz-ez, the Indian equivalent of Wite-Out, favored by the local trash pickers; culminating in a movie in Pinky Talkie Town showcasing an American star like Will Smith.

Lesser diversions are acceptable substitutes. Sunil’s friend Kalu acts out every role of the Bollywood hit “Om Shanti Om” to the delight of the other children.

Annawadi’s most ambitious dweller is Asha, an aspiring politician seeking to become its first female slumlord. Cunning and connected, she is a respected settler of disputes; procurer of slum improvements, such as they are; and a civic organizer of voters in what is, after all, the world’s largest democracy. The various and largely unsavory means Asha uses to curry favor are revealed throughout the book.

Asha is raising Annawadi’s first potential female college graduate, Manju, and less motivated sons, all with no help from her alcoholic husband. Quietly rebelling by walking a nobler path, Manju teaches Annawadi’s children, trains with the Indian Civil Defense Corps, and studies to become a teacher.

The lovely Manju is regarded as the slum’s “most-everything girl.” She befriends Meena, an oppressed girl on perpetual lockdown for minor offenses including refusing to cook an omelet for a petulant younger brother.

Through the eyes of Manju and Meena, we experience the contradictions possible in a complicated and rapidly evolving nation. Enlightened Indian voters first elected a female prime minister in 1967, but a baby girl in a slum can be murdered as an undesirable by parents who face no consequences for infanticide.

Asha’s son Rahul aspires to live in the overcity and work a “clean” job in one of Bombay’s elegant new hotels as a waiter. He soon discovers that a waiter with the temerity to glance at a hotel guest will be summarily dismissed.

Such incongruities abound in Annawadi. Although Rahul has access to modern amenities, his family lives in an illegally constructed hut by a sewage lake, shares a public toilet, and relies on his sister Manju to procure the family’s only source of fresh water by waiting for hours at a public tap.

At the same time, Rahul joins Facebook, and Abdul saves his rupees to buy an iPod. Annawadi boys play video games at the hut of Abdul’s rival trash buyer.

As the slumdwellers navigate daily survival in a virtual sewer (even Annawadi’s animals convey toxicity), the Airports Authority of India is threatening to evict squatters to make way for new construction. Political parties intervene to delay the demolition in calculated bids to lure voters and simultaneously carry out “bread and circuses” ploys to distract slumdwellers.

The government attempts to work out an agreement by which the longest squatting slumdwellers will be resettled in permanent housing. But even this process is rife with fraud and cronyism.

Abdul’s story anchors Boo’s narrative. With a large and colorful supporting cast, Behind the Beautiful Forevers weaves the Annawadian tale into part of a larger tapestry of globalization in a rapidly developing nation.

Capitalism experiences a worldwide downturn in 2008, the same year that terrorists strike Bombay. Fewer tourists create less trash. Boo describes “wads of possibility” being tossed out from Bombay’s elite, but the rain of garbage slows in the downturn. Trash collectors are innovative to survive, but no one in Annawadi is exempt from the trickle down suffering.

Like Boo, who moved to India to marry an Indian man and later wrote this book, the major characters all hope to migrate to a different station. India marches upward and onward to progressive capitalism. Annawadi residents aspire to move to the over-city of Mumbai.  The helpless orphan children from whom Boo cannot avert her gaze seek to seize control of their own destiny in a culture where they are officially voiceless.

Some critics complain that Boo’s virtually clinical descriptions of disease and occasionally profane dialogue serve to dehumanize indescribable suffering. Boo’s spattering of vulgarisms are indeed jarring and unnecessary in prose that sometimes soars to poetry.

For the most part, however, Boo is a purposefully invisible narrator. Beautiful Forevers is compelling precisely because it is told from the point of view of real people. Boo has not merely inferred their thoughts, but in fact documented them, as she makes clear in the conclusion in describing her exhaustive research method.

Even weighty moral choices, from suicide, to adultery and theft, are presented largely without judgment. Boo relies on the subtlety of irony and trusts discerning readers to draw their own conclusions. Boo’s literary illustration of a prison torture room resplendent with new furniture is compared to “a cabinet showroom, except for the tension and the screaming.” Overcast with daunting, oppressive themes, the book’s occasional comic irony in some ways relieves the tension.

Dark themes pervade as death lurks through each chapter as youth succumb to drugs and alcohol. The powerful victimize those whom they are called to serve and protect.  Boo structures a narrative to question what protections really exist for the marginalized trash of society.

Ironically, the title is from an advertisement for floor tiles on Airport Road marketed to Bombay’s burgeoning middle class. The title underscores the unspoken question at the heart of this book: is life, even a terribly broken life, beautiful forever?  The answer, according to the Annawadians, is clearly yes.

“Sunil thought that he too had a life. It is a bad life that certainly could end without meaning as so many others had in the forgotten slum. Yet, he came to realize on a rooftop, thinking about what would happen if he leaned too far, was that a boy’s life could still matter if only to himself.”

A month after publication, Boo’s book is earning well-deserved praise as it reaches the top ten on the New York Times bestseller list. It is easy to imagine its transformation into a Bollywood or Hollywood movie.

Perhaps this work could bring a second Pulitzer for Boo. She has courageously uncovered a teeming world behind the gleaming tiles that is beautiful despite its brokenness.

Like Sunil’s purple lotuses growing amidst the garbage, Behind the Beautiful Forevers blooms to show us beauty in unexpected places.